![]() The labels on the graph represent the stable states of a system in equilibrium. Phase diagrams plot pressure (typically in atmospheres) versus temperature (typically in degrees Celsius or Kelvin). Sublimation (or deposition) curve – the curve on a phase diagram which represents the transition between gaseous and solid states.Vaporization (or condensation) curve – the curve on a phase diagram which represents the transition between gaseous and liquid states.Fusion(melting) (or freezing) curve – the curve on a phase diagram which represents the transition between liquid and solid states.Critical point – the point on a phase diagram at which the substance is indistinguishable between liquid and gaseous states.Triple point – the point on a phase diagram at which the three states of matter: gas, liquid, and solid coexist.The following is an example of a phase diagram for a generic single-component system: Figure 1. Phase diagrams illustrate the variations between the states of matter of elements or compounds as they relate to pressure and temperatures. The particles of a gas are often separated by great distances. In a gas, there are no intermolecular forces holding the particles of a gas together since each particle travels at its own speed in its own direction. The particles of a gas will take the shape and fill the volume of the container that it is placed in. Gas: A state of matter where particles are spread out with no definite shape or volume.Solids will undergo phase changes when they come across energy changes. This means that their particles are arranged in a three-dimensional, orderly pattern. Another interesting thing to think about is that all true solids have crystalline structures. Solids have strong intermolecular forces that keep particles in close proximity to one another. This is why when you look up the density of a solid, it will indicate the temperature at which the value for density is listed. Solids can expand and contract when temperatures change. However, this does not mean that the volume of a solid is a constant. ![]() Solid: A state of matter with tightly packed particles which do not change the shape or volume of the container that it is in.A liquid's relative resistance to flow is viscosity. One may notice that some liquids flow readily whereas some liquids flow slowly. This happens because the motion of the individual particles within a liquid is much less restricted than in a solid. Liquid: A state of matter that consists of loose, free moving particles which form the shape set by the boundaries of the container in which the liquid is in. ![]() There are three states of matter: l iquid, solid, and gas. \)Ī phase transition is the transition from one state of matter to another. ![]()
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